Interlinking of rivers. Scope and challenges associated with it.

Rivers interlinking is an ambitious project that had been launched by government of India in order to mitigate the water crisis and effects of flood and drought that arises in india along with aim of providing drinkable water, water for irrigation agriculture domestic and industrial use.

The water is transferred from surplus river basin to deficit river Basin through canal, pipe system( underground or surface) or by other engineering methods.

History:
-The idea came in existence during Britishers rule .
-Various efforts had been carried out after independence but cannot be carried out at executive level.
-Later on under leadership of Atal Bihari vajpayee led NDA government the idea sprawled out.
-In 2005, first interlinking  project of Ken -Betwa river project initiated in Madhya Pradesh successfully.

Need :

* Share of water usage is maximum in agriculture, and more than 50% of Indian population depend on agriculture and allied sector directly and indirectly.
*35% of Indian agricultural land is irrigated by surface and underground water and remaining 65% depends on monsoon rainfall for irrigation.
* To mitigate the problem of drought, flood, agriculture and water availability the idea seems to be quite justiciable and practical.

There are arguments by various geologist, environment list, policymakers regarding advantages and disadvantages of interlinking of rivers which are:-

Advantages:
1. Lowering frequency & severity of flood and droughts
2. Availability of water for agriculture industries etc
3. Construction of dams and hydro electricity generation
4. Growth of vegetative cover, forests will enrich biodiversity.
5. Creation of tourist sports will boost tourism, provide employment and will grow local economy.

Disadvantages:
1. Requires huge investment.
2. Geographical barriers and sometimes pumping of water will increase the operational cost.
3. Environmental impact such as submergence of land, forest and biodiversity loss. Eg: ken- betwa passes through panna tiger reserve will effect the wildlife.
4. Interstate water disputes.
5. Requires relocation and rehabilitation of people affected.
6. Reqires strong engineering knowledge.

Hence interlinking of river has both positive and negative aspect.Keeping in the mind the developing agenda and socio-economic upliftment of society the pragmatic approach for interlinking of river along with  water conservation and sustainable development can act as a remedy to the present and future water crisis.

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